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Diagnosis


Pemphigus is a group of rare auioimmune blistering diseases of the skin and/or mucous membranes.

Our immune system produces antibodies that normally attack hostile viruses and bacteria in an effort to keep us healthy. In a person or animal with pemphigus, however, the immune system mistakenly perceives the cells in skin and/or mucous membrane as foreign, and attacks them.

Antibodies that attack one’s own cells are called autoantibodies. The part of the cells that are attacked in pemphigus are proteins called desmogleins. Desmogleins form the glue that attaches adjacent skin cells, keeping the skin intact. supressor fraction

When auto-antibodies attack desmogliens, the cells become separated from each other. The skin virtually becomes unglued. This causes burn-like lesions or blisters that do not heal. In some cases, these blisters can cover a significant area of the skin.

Diagnosis

Because it is rare, pemphigus is often the last disease considered during diagnosis. There are three criteria that must be met for a definite diagnosis:

  1. Proper clinical presentation — visual examination of skin lesions.
  2. Lesion biopsy — A sample of the blistered skin is removed and examined under the microscope to determine if the cells are separated in the manner characteristic of pemphigus. Additionally, the layer of skin in which cell-to-cell separation occurs can be determined.
  3. Direct immunoflourescence — The biopsy skin sample is treated to detect desmoglein antibodies in the skin. The presence of these antibodies indicates pemphigus. slides

    In addition to the above, another diagnostic test that may be used is called indirect immunofluorescence or antibody titer test. This measures desmoglein autoantibodies in the blood serum. It may be used to obtain a more complete understanding of the course of the disease. In addition, a serum assay for desmoglein antibodies, known as ELISA, is also avaiable. It is the most accurate but, unfortunately, is not available in all clinical lab.
    additional information with slides


    Gross lesion examples from a horse with pemphigus foliaceous. From a distance we can see he has large areas of alopecia. A closer view reveals many primary lesions consisting of fragile vesicles corresponding to the microscopic lesions depicted in the first slide from this case.

    Clinical Photo 1: Whole body view

    Clinical Photo 2: Close view


    How Will Transfer Factor Help?

    There are 4 fractions in transfer factor the one that helps the most in this case is >The SUPPRESSOR FRACTION < It blocks the response of the T-cells, and signals a down regulation of the immune response after an adequate response has been made. This is useful in allergic or autoimmune conditions. Never before has there been adequate treatment for autoimmune conditions.
    What is Transfer Factor?
    How does it work?

    All Modern Medicine can provide for Pemphigus is Corticosteroids and Immunosuppressants. All of these medications can have serious side effects. Patients on these medications must have blood and urine monitored on a regular basis. List of drugs


    Glossary - A glossary of commonly used terms associated with pemphigus, pemphigoid, their treatment and diagnosis.
    Visit the International Pemphigus Foundation
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This information has not been evaluated by the FDA or our company. This information is not intended to promote any of our products as a medical cure. Nutrients do not directly cure diseases or destroy germs. Nutrients reinforce the immune system. Our immune system naturally fights germs and attempts to keep us well. Although there is a volume of research that would indicate nutrition has a powerful effect on our immune system and health, all research is open to interruption and contradictions. A possible placebo effect must be taken into consideration when reviewing testimonies. The preceding information is provided as one source of educating oneself.

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